Mock Weight Lifting Competition

We are doing a mock weight lifting competition in my 4 athletic conditioning classes and so far we are 90% complete with Bench and Power Cleans. Tomorrow and Wednesday we will finish up with squats. Here is a video of a QB and RB drill I would like to implement in spring drills:

Video

Find more videos like this on Strength Performance Network

2010 1st Semester Weight Room Rankings

Semesters Athletic Ranking! The results could have been different if some individuals could follow simple instructions and record their lifts, but some chose not to and you receive a zero for the blank spot you left on your work sheet.

There are 3 different rankings: 1. Boys Ranking 2. 2011 FB Ranking 3. Girls Ranking

Just copy and paste this into your browser and it should come up the tabs are at the bottom to switch from rankings to rankings.

https://spreadsheets.google.com/ccc?key=0Ahxap0pMkza-dEpDUi0xbE9VUU5udU9CaS1ZdUpwTXc&hl=en

Auburn High School Football Team

Maryland 2A State Champs

Maryland 2A State Champs Video:

Who's to blame when you don't play???

Great Pre-Game Speech

FB Stats

Well, Fall sports are off and running.

All of EP's fall sports are off to a better start then a year ago, so thats a big positive to start the school year off right.

All the athletes keep working hard and take care of the boo boo's so they don't turn into something serious at the end of the season.

Good Luck to all EP Sports!

Pass Rush Drills

Here are a few clips of Players working their Pass protection and pass rush skills.







Here is a great Punch Drill for the O-Line:

Double Days

We are heading into our 4th day of Doubles at Eagle Point High School. We have had some ups and some downs, but many more ups this year then downs. We are faster this year at every position across the board then we have been in the past.

The EP football team a has a great chance to go over the mountain and surprise the Cougars of Mt. View and get our name out there for the rest of the state to see.

Mt. View is ranked 6th in the pre-season poll and is picked to have the best offensive and defensive lines in the state this year. Big challenge to the super-heroes up front here at EP.

Here are a few clips of Mt. View from Monday's practice this week:

Seeing Doubles: Mountain View Cougars

Seeing Doubles: Andrew Hester & Matt Asher, Mountain View

Seeing Doubles: Quinn Jacobson, Mountain View

The Boys of Fall

The training Camps and Conditioning Camps are done and over with! It is FOOTBALL time now. The pretenders are starting to worry, and the men who have payed the price all summer are JACKED! My favorite Football team is the EPHS Eagles, second favorite is a tie between the Oregon Ducks and the Indianapolis Colts. I will bleed EP Football, before routing against them. I can honestly say this years Varsity team is the best overall I have seen at EPHS in the 5 years I have been there. I know that is not a long time, but last year we were close, and I truly believe this year could, can, and will be the year for the Eagles to make a name for themselves again in the state of Oregon!

Win, Lose, or Draw, the Eagles are going to HIT you and RUN you in the ground!

I hope everyone is as excited as I am for Monday!

I want to leave you with this great video:

Day #3 of Training Camp

Day #3 we were down about 10 athletes from the first two days! Athletes are working hard and I truly believe we will be in better Game Shape then Mt. View on Sept. 3rd! We are becoming a very fast team overall. We need to challenge ourselves Mentally going into the 4th day, because I think we need to make bigger strides in mental toughness then physical at this point.

We are only as strong as our weakest link, pick someone up at some point tomorrow, bring your brothers to the top, don't let them drag you down!

This clip is for the big guys because I feel bad that we didn't get to do indy work with you today:

O Line Drills from Holt Football on Vimeo.

Day #1 of Training Camp

Day #1 is in the books! You only get one first impression, and today I think the eagles made a great first impression! We had 71 football players show up for the first of two weeks of Football Conditioning Camp. Every athlete lifted weights and ran through 5 speed and agility stations.

I am sitting at home after the first day watching ESPNU and they are playing the 2008 Nebraska vs. Oklahoma game. I just wanted to show this clip of shovel here. They run it to the 3 tech which is the offenses right. Look at the Double team on the 3 tech and the spacing of the QB and RB. It does not gain the huskers a lot of yards but you can see the potential.

I hope everyone is healing their wounds and getting mentally prepared for the upcoming season. I just wanted to post this little clip of a man knowing how to mentally prepare himself to perform:

Double Team to 2nd Level

Here is a great view of getting the Double Team and then moving to 2nd Level, they even replay in slow mo for teaching opportunity!

Shoulder Rehab

Here is a video of 5 circuits that can be done each day to rehab your shoulders.

Spread Game Highlights:

Here are some Highlights of UofO Football but they are of the same plays we run!


Here are some RB Highlights:

O-Line Pre-Practice Drills

Here are some Pre-Practice drills that the O-Line can do to get better at the little things!

VB Players gettin it done!

I put a lot of Football clips on here, so here is a Volleyball clip of a pretty good College program.

 For the girls that have been coming to Summer workouts this is for you, good job and keep the hard work up!

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fH4AU6vgpok&feature=player_embedded

This sums it up!

This video here is about QB's, but lets take it a step further and say this is what most of us get into coaching for. Teaching young men to better one self not for themselves but for the ones that will rely on them. I don't want to have the best QB to say I have the best QB, I want to have the best QB to make the team and the program the best it can be.

Please watch this video and take it to heart and ask yourself if you can do something more to better yourself.

DI guys doing the little things!

My summer mantra is going to be "You must act like it, before you become it". If you want to be a state champion, you must act like it, before you become it. I think we as a football program and as a athletic department are ready to go to the next level, but we first need  to get everyone on the same page and start acting like  Playoff caliber teams. EP Athletes need to start asking themselves these little questions.

How do I carry myself in front of the community, school, peers, younger athletes?
Did I do everything today that I could have done to make myself better?
Am I setting a good example for the up and coming Eagles? (Remember what you had to look up to as an 8th, 9th grader, was it good leadership or bad?)
Did I act like a Champion today?

Perfecting the little things is a must if you want to make it to the next level of any profession. That's why you see DI athletes trying to look like and mimic Professional athletes in their drills and skills. This video clip is of Auburn University doing the little things. If they practice these things then we should be doing it as well.

Auburn Football:

Athletic Rankings are Out!!!

I have completed the Athletic Rankings for those of you that wanted to check them out! I am sorry recent graduates I had to take you off but I can print out a sheet that has your rankings if you let me know!

Girls Athletic Ranking:

Boys Athletic Ranking:

I hope you not only look at your Ranking but look at your teammates ranking! It is okay to compete and beat your teammates in the weight room in the right way. You must battle them and encourage them at the same time. Your team is only as strong as the weakest link!

Good job everybody on finishing the year strong and we as an athletic department are much stronger then we were a year ago. 1st week of Summer Training was great I hope the numbers stay up the entire summer.

Have a good weekend & see you all on Monday,

1st Week of Summer Lifting!

First Week of Summer Training is over and it was a very successful one at that. EP Athletes made a big commitment this week and we averaged over 50 athletes everyday and today Thursday we had 66 athletes here today. We have been having some in coming 9th graders come join us and they are going to get pretty strong if they keep coming! This 1st week was by far much better then last year and that was a big step from the year before.
I must say it makes me very happy to see all of these athletes buy in and get better everyday.

My goal is not to make kids like me, I want athletes to come back 3-6 years after graduating and say thanks for making me better, and thanks for holding me accountable. I want to set my athletes up for success in the future as well as being the most prepared for their athletic endeavors they partake in right now.

Hopefully by the end of tonight I will have the updated Athletic Rankings on here!

1st Week of Summer off to a great start!!!

Smoke and Mirrors

This is some great defensive confusion. I like the saying here: Cloudy minds make slow feet!

Good spread clips here of Auburn:

Max Week is here!!!

After the 1st day of Maxes, our athletes have yet again surpassed my expectations of them. Everyone maxed in the Power Clean. We have 14 male athletes that Power Cleaned 225 or better and 3 that got 275 or better. We have 7 female athletes that Power Cleaned 135 or better and 3 that Power Cleaned 165 or better.
Day #1 was a great success and I am looking forward to day #2 which will consist of the 20 yard Dash, Vertical Jump and the Bench Press.

The football program has expectations that skill players run a 2.85 in the 20 yard dash in order to play Varsity. As we all know there are always exceptions to every rule. We are not different, we have a few LB's that have good FB speed on the field because of their field awareness and desire to get the football.

I will try to update once a day and have the final athletic rankings done by Sunday June 6th!

Summer Time Approaching

I have not posted in a long time, and I am sorry for that! We are winding down the school year and getting ready to say goodbye to this years senior class. This senior class is the first class I have watched go a full 4 years through school. I have had some ups and downs with this class but definitely more ups. It is so amazing to see the students as they finished their senior projects and I think back to when I met them as freshman and how much they have changed. There are two student-athletes I would like to give a huge shout out to and they are Kristin Wyatt and Steven Josephson. Kristin entered my class as a sophomore and has come a along ways in her athletic ability, and it is completely do to her work ethic and desire to be the best. Steven didn't really know me and I yanked him from his freshman screwball PE class and brought him into the weight room and there he remained for 3.5 years with me. Steven had some trying times with injuries, cutting weight for wrestling and still progressing with his strength and athletic ability. I am very proud of all the seniors and wish them the best of luck in the real world, but a special thank you and I am proud of you to these two students.

I am very excited for max week, starting on June 1st. We are also starting Spring Football on the same day. I hope everyone has a nice long weekend and remembers why we have this holiday and maybe just take a moment and reflect on a family member or friend that has served this country.

Tulsa No Huddle Offense Training Program:

3rd Quarter Rankings

Athletes had a great 3rd Quarter as an Athletic Program. Congrats to all of those who tied or broke records in the 3rd Quarter! Finish the year strong, we have 8 weeks left.

Click the images to enlarge!!!
FB 3rd Quarter Athletic Ranking:

Girls 3rd Quarter Athletic Rankings:

Spring Break

Spring Break is coming to an end and I am totaling all the athletes lifting numbers for the last max week we had! I am very excited to see the squat numbers increase like they did. I will have totals for everyone to see on Monday when we return to school. I will attempt to have totals on here sometime Sunday evening.

I found this video and thought all of you Beaver Believers would like this:

March Madness

Yes, it is that time of year again when everyone is penciling in their NCAA Brackets and hoping their Cinderella pick is going to make it all the way. At EPHS, the athletes are one day in of the their max week. Monday March 15th all the athletes started with the Power Clean. 3 Athletes standout in my mind right now. Cassie Boykin and Corie Culpepper battled each other for the Junior Girls Power clean title, as of now Corie has edged out Cassie with a lift of 165 pounds. The Sophomore Boys Power clean was in jeopardy yesterday as Loren Nesberg set a new personal best and tied last years Tyler McFall at 270 Pounds.

There have been other great lifts and personal best but those are the three that came to my mind right away on the first day. I am very excited to see how this week unfolds, because it is the week before Spring Break. Our athletes will either stay focused and crush their PR's or they will fall off and have an average max week.

This was a short cycle which started on January 26th and only gave the athletes 7 weeks of lifting and we made an emphasis on the hypertrophy stage the 9 weeks.

Words of Wisdom: Records were made for breaking!

P.S. I would take all of my EPHS athletes that are in my class to any strength Challenge, Lifting meet, Strong man Competition, and feel very confident in our capabilities of winning the thing!

Quick Clip of Sr. Hannah Mason's new PR at 150 lbs. and Junior Cassie Boykin's new PR at 155 lbs.:

Have to keep the candle lit!!!

It is the end of February and at most high schools all the boys are thinking about is Track practice and Baseball practice. Not here at EPHS, we have a core group of young men that still believe that Friday is game day. These football players have been working and thinking about a league championship sense the clock hit zero against Ashland in November of 2009! We have yet to determine what league that will be, but we WILL be contending for a league championship regardless. When November of 2010 rolls around the town of EP will be shut down and the new lights at the stadium will be shinning strong and the Eagles will showcase their talent that has not been on the state platform sense 1997 I believe. We are 95 days away from Spring Football and I have not felt this good about the kids coming back, the work they are willing to put in, and the season in general, in a long time.

Below are some Highlights of Oregon putting the hurt to Cal this past season, O-Line take note on Oregon's Lineman at the end of plays:


Inside and Outside Zone executed pretty well here:

Great Start to the Spring Semester

Athletes had a very hard three weeks of training. We spent three full weeks in our Hypertrophy phase. The Hypertrophy phase is where we are looking to increase muscle size and also build a base for this Cycle. We finished these three weeks of a Meso-cycle and I feel really good about how it went. I was a little disappointed in our athletes numbers in their squat maxes in January. I am starting to feel better about them because we made an emphasis on them for three weeks, I threw out the Bench Press after three days into the meso-cycle, hoping it would ignite some motivation in the athletes to get there squat numbers up.

I have found that the squats and its variations are the hardest the get the athletes to buy into. Myself, as an educated person and a guy who has been in the field for a while, I see the athletes that get after it in the squat rack are also the ones that run faster and jump higher, and in the game of football, they are the better tacklers and the hardest to tackle.

With all that being said about the squats, I am still a bigger fan of the Power Clean and the Snatch because of the power output they require. Power is equal to Force X Distance Divided by time. An example would be when an athlete lifts 100 pounds in the snatch. Force is 100 pounds X approximately 4 feet Divided by roughly 1 second. This equals 400 Ft/pounds per second, which is much more powerful then a 300 pound Bench Press, which equals 215 Ft/pounds per second.

FB Top 30 and Girls Top 30 Athletic Rankings

Football Top 30 Athletes:


Girls Top 30 Athletes:

End of a Semester and a start of something great!

Today was the last day of the 1st Semester in school. Student's were in a state of panic. We made a big deal about finals this year at Eagle Point High School. I know, some of you are probably saying well yeah it should be a big deal. Well here at EPHS it has not been until now. I really think that helped the student's in my class because they needed a stress reliever. We had some outstanding numbers in the weight room this week. We also had some students find out that they can not miss as much school as they did and still get gains like the others.

I just want to say thank you and good job to all of the athletes that worked so hard all semester! I appreciate the student-athletes that have truly bought into the program and are seeing the benefits from it.

We are having a great turnout for our Tuesday- Thursday Strength and Conditioning club. Most are football players but we are getting more and more VB and Soccer athletes. I am not looking past the current sport seasons or even the Spring sports, but DAMN I am excited to see Football, VB, and Soccer back on the main stage!

Again, good job EP athletes keep up the hard work and the WINS will start rolling in!

48

Blast from the Past!

Here is an old video clip talking about the Portland State Vikings 1980 Football Season! FYI - Coach McClellan played with these gusy for a year!

Football in December!!!

Hope everybody is having a great Holiday Season and a Bowl Season. I have picked all the winners except for two games and they were the OSU game and last nights Miami game.

Every teenage football player in the state of Oregon hopes to play football in December!

I don't think there was anybody that wanted to play late in the season more then Sheldon's WR John Campbell. It is easy to look up to NFL or College players and want to play like them. I want to play like this guy! Well, I can't play anymore, so I want my players to play like this. Campbell played every play as if it was his last. He made the most of every reception.

This is a great example of someone in the YAC PAC!

New Weight Room Equip is here!!!

Christmas came early for the Eagle Point Athletes! We received 6 Power Racks, 6 new Bars, 6 Adjustable Benches, and 6 Sets of Bumper Plates.

Here are a few pics to hold you over until I finish rearranging the weight room!

The Off-Season

Well the Off-Season is here for the Fall sport athletes, and some of them are a little disappointed in the fact their team did not make it as far as they would have liked. Last week we had a great combo of athletes coming to Strength and Conditioning Club on Tuesday's and Thursday's. We had roughly 8 VB players and 4 Girls Soccer players along with about 35 football players and some students making up PE class. Athletes have worked really hard on the Tuesday and Thursday workouts and are taking the next step towards becoming more successful in the individual sports. As a Strength and Conditioning Coach it is nice to see so many athletes wanting to be better then they were the previous season. As soon as you become complacent with your ability, you will no longer be the best you can be.

As the football season ended this year, I had athletes asking to start the (SSC) Strength and Conditioning Club the next week. As much as I would have like to, it is important that the athletes take a few weeks off to reflect and get rejuvenated before starting workouts.

We are always looking for more athletes to join us as long as they are willing to work hard and have some fun!

Here is a Video of THE NATIONAL UNDERCLASSMEN FOOTBALL COMBINES:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvM54_0N2B8

Game Day Workouts???

Lifting on game day, is it better to lift before the game or after the game? The Portland Trail Blazers have athletes dabbling in both. I have been a firm believer in lifting on Game Day for as long as I have been training! As a young athlete I was told to get a lift in on game days, and I feel it made me stronger later in the season and in the end of the games. Now getting a lift in doesn't mean go in the weight room and do maximal effort lifts, it just suggest that you go in there and get your body moving by doing your everyday movements.

I believe that the athletes at EPHS right now have bought into lifting on game day, but that was not the case when I arrived at EPHS in the fall of 2006! The football team has had much better team speed and health over the last three years then it had in the past, and it is because of the athletes commitment to the weight room!

I would hope all Oregonians have a little Blazer in them sense they are the only professional team in the state. They have to be everyone's 2nd B-BALL team at least!

Here is clip from the Blazers Strength Coach:

Instructional Videos of Position Drills

Attention all Offensive football players and coaches involved in the Eagle Point Football Program. I have two videos that are great fundamental drills for all Offensive Positions! I wish we could get all of our coaches to do just these drills at the lower levels and we would be better for it in the long run of things here at EPHS.Please watch and learn something from these videos. I have been around the sport of Football my entire life, my father was a HS football coach so I was the water boy, ball boy, and student of the game all at the same time. I picked up a few things from these videos, and if I can do that then everyone can. If you say to your self I know all this then you are a terrible team player because I have yet to see any one of our players or coaches do these things and if they do, they can always improve on them.

Please take something away from these videos! Have fun it is FOOTBALL we are talking about here!

Some U of O cut ups

Saw these cut ups and wanted to show everyone!

If I can say one thing EP Football players please watch your offensive position in these videos. Watch how the athletes carry out their fakes and watch how the O-Line get after their blocks. WR's making down field blocks. WR's and QB's take special note on the screens they show and watch how they are executed! Rewind if needed but study this game film during the off-season.

Enjoy some great FOOTBALL:

The Off-Season starts

The Off-Season is a thing of the Beauty! I will tell you why. The new thoughts of next year are already going through my mind. I have not forgotten about the seniors who are leaving us, but I have come to appreciate what they have done for our program and also realize they can no longer contribute physically for us. The football coaches are preparing to talk to all the under class man and set goals for each. If I were a player again on this team my number 1 goal would be to make the playoffs, and leave no questions behind.

The athletes are working hard in the weight room to become better athletes, some are wrestling and some are playing basketball. The others that are not participating in a winter sport will start meeting twice a week to work on speed and agility and plyometrics with the football staff.

Eagle Athletes need to take the next step towards turning the athletic program around. I believe you all know what needs to be done!!!

This is a great book that is available online all you have to do is click to enlarge:

Browse Inside this book Get this for your site

End of 1st Quarter Athletic Rankings

Here are the Boys Athletic Ranking at the end of the 1st Quarter:
(Click Image to enlarge)





Here are the Girls Athletic Ranking at the end of the 1st Quarter:
(Click Image to enlarge)

Friday of Week 10

Week 10 - Well, the Football team finds itself in a position in which they must win by 10 points to enter the playoffs this post season. The post season has not found EP football program for 12 years and it has been 13 years sense the Eagles have hosted a playoff game. The Eagles are hosting the Ashland Grizzlies at 7pm tonight.

All I have to say is, WIN!!!

If our players stay focused and give their best effort every play we will walk off the field victorious and have the opportunity to host a playoff game against Wilsonville High School.

WIN EVERY PLAY!!!

I have never coached in a playoff game before and I am very excited for tonight's game, because for us (Eagles) it is a playoff game. We win by 9 points and we continue to play football. We lose and we start preparing for next fall! I do not want to start preparing for next fall yet!

We are prepared and we are ready, now all there is left to do is play the game!

EP Football Sunday of Week #8

This weekend was a great weekend because the kids played well and won their Homecoming game Friday night against a much improved Mazama team. Mazama is going to surprise someone in our league and boy am I glad it was not us! In 4 years of coaching at EP this was the first game the kids got jacked up before the game and stayed up the entire game. Sideline players were involved in the game by calling pass/run and being ready for sudden changes. The staff decided to change things up a little and before the game we took the kids in the weight room cranked the music up and reminded the kids that this is were they spent their off-season training to win football games.

No one is going to give us anything! Everyone said the Eagles would be last place in the SSC this year, well that's not going to happen as of last Friday! I have a dream of coaching in the Playoffs as well as the players should be dreaming of playing in a playoff game.

I thought this would be an appropriate clip this week:



Here is some impressive lifts from the 2004 Olympics:

EP Football wednesday of Week #5

Wow!!! What a breathe of fresh air Tuesday was at practice. The temperature cooled down and stayed pretty dry for the most part and the kids were upbeat and flying around. I took a moment to look over and see our JV's scrimmaging the Frosh team and their was a lot of excitement over there. Both teams were hooting and hollering for their teammates. The varsity had a good practice despite a few guys out to flu like symptoms. Kids jumped in as back ups and it looked like they had been doing it the whole time.

If Tuesday was fresh air today was full of ROSES!!! Kids bounced around and were flying around on defense, catching balls on offense, linemen were firing off the ball. Special teams looked pretty good on sudden changes today.

If we play Friday with the intensity of today (Wed) then we will play well. When we play well we can and will play with anybody!

One time this year I want our Kickoff team to really set the tone of the game by knocking their opponent in the ground multiple times on the opening kickoff! I feel if we can accomplish this the rest of the team will feed off of it emotionally.

Saw this video today and thought it was pretty good for this weeks video.

SMU Football Video:

EP Football Sunday of Week #4

WOW!!! It feels great to get a win, it had been sense October 10th last year that we got a win! I am hoping that the players like the feeling so much that they work so hard they never want to feel the pain of a lose again. This was the first game this year that the players never showed signs of defeat. They believed they could win for 48 minutes, now we did have a bit of let down in the 3rd Quarter but, I never felt like our kids doubted they were going to win.

We need a great week of lifting and practice so we are prepared for a pretty good Churchill team! I am a firm believer in, you play like you practice. We need to make a conscious effort to have better second half of practices this week. We as a coaching staff as well as the players need to find a way to have better 2nd half practices.

Great win fellas and lets get better this week!!!

EP Football Day #4 of Game Week #3

After starting the season off 0-3, I find myself staying up late at night trying to find material on the Internet that will motivate our kids to take their practice to the next level. I am reminded of a quote "If you always do what you have always done, then you will always get what you have always got!" Anonymous

I just wish for one week our kids would come out to practice and fly around for 2 hours for three days in a row. We have so many kids with bumps and bruises and they don't practice because of them, and they don't realize the impact they are having on the outcome of Friday nights games!

I want to remind the 40-45 kids that spent all summer in the weight room, that it was not for nothing. I personally have seen huge changes in individuals. When the individuals start leading the rest of the team in the right direction on an everyday basis we could, NO, we will be a very good Football team.

When I watch sporting events, I watch how athletes move. I watched our VB team play a few times the last few weeks and see that we have a lot of potential, but the players don't play out of an athletic position all the time, our football players do the same thing. I want all of the athletes that I coach in the weight room to buy into the fact that I am training you to be a better athlete. Trust that what we do in the weight room will transfer onto the athletic court or fields. I know some of them think I just train them to be a bigger and better football players and that couldn't be further from the truth.

This video clip says it all:

EP Football Day #1 of Game Week #2

Well Game #1 did not go as well as anyone in an Eagle uniform thought. We made a lot of rookie mistakes and just were not prepared to play a varsity football game. I hope the players understand now, why we need to get the best look we can on scout team. We have a late practice today and then school starts on Tuesday. I hope this years team handles adversity and distractions better then the teams in the past.

The one bright spot of the game on Friday was our Special Teams, I believe we out played them on Special Teams. We caused a T.O., we pinned them inside the 10, we returned every K.O. past the 30.

I hope the athletes are ready for a pretty athletic Henley team.

Here is for your viewing pleasure:

EP Football Day #4 of Game Week #1

The football team had a good camp and is off and running. The team is ready to be battle tested this Friday against Crescent Valley. I feel we are much more ready as a team this year for game one then we were last year. Our competition is much greater in CV, then last year with Madras who we beat 55-0.

My hope for this years team is that the players make corrections of their errors as the season progresses. I also hope that after our last game of the year which I hope is in late November or December, but I hope I can say that the players matured and progressed throughout the season.

This game week I felt like the YAC PAC made great advances in Individual time, but the transfer to team and 7 on 7 is not their yet. I feel that the players lose their sense of urgency and their focus. Tomorrow night will tell me exactly who can Flip the Switch and who needs to mature still.

Sense the Ducks play tonight I felt this was appropriate to add: